HISTORI OF ORIGAMI
Origami is the art of paper folding that originated in Japan. The word origami comes from the Japanese, the combination of the words ori meaning and our meaning folded paper. When two words are combined, there is a change slightly but did not alter the meaning of our words become so happens gami not orikami but origami, paper folding means. Nowadays the word origami has been known and used worldwide to refer to the art of paper folding.
According to M. Amanuma in Danandjaja (1997:297), origami is the art of folding paper into various forms. History of origami began to believe since humans began to produce paper. Paper was first manufactured in China (China) in the first century AD and introduced exactly 105 by Ts'ai Lun. Then in the sixth century, a way of making paper was brought to Spain by the Arabs and to Japan (610 AD) by a Buddhist monk named Doncho (Dokyo) derived from Goguryeo (Korean peninsula). He introduced the paper and ink in Japan during the reign of Empress Suiko. Since then, origami became popular among Japanese people from generation to generation. Origami became one of the Japanese culture in the Shinto religion.
Since the Heian period (741-1191), among the monks Shinto origami believed to have been there as a cover bottle of sake (rice wine) during worship ceremonies, women and children. At that time, still known by the term origami orikata / origata, orisui, or orimino. At that time, paper cut with a knife is allowed. In the Kamakura period (1185-1333), a form that is known is noshi. Noshi is the abbreviation of the word-awabi noshi, namely thin dried oyster meat and is considered a special dish of the Japanese.
Noshi considered good luck to anyone who receives it. Since the Muromachi period (1338-1573) use a knife to cut the paper has been discontinued. Origami later developed into a way of separating the upper-class and lower class. Samurai followed the teachings of Ise, while the common people follow the teachings of Ogasawara. In its development, origami has become so synonymous with Japanese culture that are passed from generation to generation from time to time. Origami mainly developed by using the original Japanese paper called washi.
Currently origami has become an integral part of Japanese culture. Especially in Shinto religious ceremonies are still maintained until now. In the tradition of Shinto, a rectangle of paper cut and folded into a symbolic symbol of gods and hung on Kotai Jingu (Grand Imperial Shrine), Ise for worship. In Shinto wedding ceremony, paper cranes to form male (O-cho) and the stork females (me-cho), wrap the bottle of sake (rice wine) as a symbol of the bride and groom. In addition origami are also used for other religious ceremonies.
At first, origami only taught orally. Written guidelines to make origami contained in a book entitled Senbazuru Orikata (How to Fold A Thousand Birds Stork) in the year 1797, written by a pastor Rokoan (Akasito Rito). When it was still known as origami orikata. This book is considered the world's oldest origami book and contains 49 methods of folding paper cranes so interconnected, and Kyo-Ka (short poems are funny). In the same year, Akisato Rito issued a book entitled Chushingura Orikata folds containing the human form. In 1819, an instant book called Bird's Eye Make Paper shows how the bird is produced from paper. Then in 1845, a complete set of Japanese tradition seam written and published in book Kan no Mado. The book contains approximately one hundred and fifty examples including models origami frogs. In 1850, a manuscript titled Kayaragusa other writings published. This manuscript contains two parts of origami, the entertainment and religious.
In the Edo period (1600-1868) the abundant production of paper made of paper are easy to obtain. It makes origami grow more rapidly. In the late Edo period produced nearly seventy forms including herons (tsuru), frogs, boats, and balloons are still known today. In the Meiji era (1868-1912), origami is used as a teaching tool in Kindergarten and Primary School. It is thanks to the influence of education experts kindergarten Friedrich Wilhelm August (1782-1852). He was a German educator in the 19th century. He uses traditional origami Europe to produce geometric shapes. Later, this concept is widely used in kindergarten in Japan. University of North Sumatra in 1880, the art of paper folding known as origami began.
The word origami comes from the Japanese, oru (fold) and our (paper). The word origami then began to replace the term orikata / origata, orisui or orimono. In the Showa era (1926-1989) origami less desirable and only noshi are still popularly used to exchange gifts antarsamurai. At that time the red and white paper used to wrap a thin piece of meat, oysters or fish. Over the development period, there was a modern origami was introduced by Akira Yoshizawa in Japan.
Modern origami is familiar with the different forms of new folds to form the folds of the classic / traditional to take a variety of realistic models of animals, objects or decorative shapes. He introduced an early form of a quadruped with mengabungkan two pieces of folded paper. Additionally, Akira Yoshizawa also member contributions to the development by introducing techniques of origami folds moist. Wet folds of a new technique of folding paper by wetting the paper first to make a thick flexible so easily formed. Thus obtained 3-D model with a soft corner crease. Then with Sam Randlett Akira Yoshizawa Yoshizawa-Randlett introduce diagrams.
Yoshizawa-Randlett diagram is a diagram on how to written instructions on how making origami models using simbolsimbol like arrows and lines. Yoshizawa-Randlett diagrams facilitate the origami enthusiasts around the world in understanding the instructions on how to manufacture origami so it has now been accepted and used worldwide as a standard diagram in the writing of instructions for making origami models. At this time, it has been known for a variety of amazing origami models created by experts across the world of origami. In fact, the ancient form of body and legs can only be imagined.
