DESIGN IN CULTURAL CONTEXT

Cultural Context
Humans differ from animals, because humans have a culture, always use the excuse of his actions, while animals use instinct. Humanity can not be reduced, people who understand behaviouristic to see that human behavior is only seen, distatistik and generalized, and should be included perasaanpun. So whether cultural understanding?
This section until the end, is copy and paste directly from the material powerpoints
Prof.Imam Buchori, (of course after disimak)

According to the Sociology and Social Anthropology
Culture is something that distinguishes one group with other community groups based on the characteristics and history, respectively, includes any device attached to her life, artifacts, ownership, characteristics and conceptions about life. Thus interpreted the same culture with the community (society).

In this sense then:
a. culture is not a cumulation of the various phenomena that can not berhububungan one another, but an organic unity.
b. unique in its unity.
c. agreed and lived as a guideline to be passed from generation to generation,
d. have aspirations that are based on time (past, present and future),
e. that culture has an identity,
f. although the culture moves based on events events (including the deliberately created), but its growth is spontaneous, atinya can not created, planned, or forced like in politics. For example: Cultural Minangkabau, Batak, Javanese, Sundanese, etc. Toraja.

According to Cultural Relativism
The approach based on awareness component which is considered ideal (what distinguished structurally formed through political, economic, technological). This sort of cultural understanding regardless of nation or community bulkhead bulkhead. So are universal. Everyone can appreciate the works of Shakespeare, Beethoven or the novel War and Peace. They emphasized the prevailing culture in general (common culture). It said a relative because they can not explicitly stated what is civilized and not, except with the sense, understanding (verstehen)

Cultural visits are segmentary
The word 'culture' is often used in sociology by way of classifying people into segments called subculture. Segment means separating the part of a broader cultural environment are based on the characteristics and behaviors that are similar in that section for example: youth culture; lower or upper middle or cultures; working class culture, Hispanic culture, religious culture. In a global perspective, known segments: the culture of classical, rock culture (music fans rock), etc..

Cultural views of activities
Activities that generate kultifasi meaning in life (including leisure), for example:
1. sports, recreation, entertainment;
2. kultifasi in a world of knowledge (participation in clubs, forums);
3. artistic activities / and increase art appreciation.

Cultural views of the context of increasing refinement language (high culture)
Culture in this sense related to what was stated by CPSnow with the two cultures, where in addition to a scientist who has his own culture, there is a culture of the humanist who dug through the wanderings of knowledge in the arts, literature and philosophy. In Western history, the morality taught by religion eroded by the 'truth' that explored by science. Yet it was realized that science alone can not guarantee to deliver an even-humanist scientist. Birth 'Humanities' in many top universities in the U.S. meant to replace religion, by exploring the value of humanistic values in accordance with changes in the spirit of the age (as a result of its application in the pursuit of Science Technology). Culture in terms of greater emphasis on psychological dimensions, the feelings and sensibilities.

SOURCE:

Buchori.Z, Prof. Imam, THEORY OF DESIGN,
Buchori.Z, Imam Prof., cultural understanding and Design Theory
Heskett, John, toothpicks and logos, the Design in Everyday Life, Oxford University Press, New York, 2002